Como descobrir numero restrito oi
Contents:The 72 archival and 11 newly-obtained times of light minimum cover the interval and allowed us to exclude possible systematic period variations in BM UMa and to determine an initial epoch of HJD Recent developments on SU UMa stars - theory vs. Kepler light curves of short period dwarf novae have resparked interest in the nature of superoutbursts and led to the question: Is the thermal-tidal instability needed, or can the plain vanilla version of the accretion disk limit cycle do the job all by itself?
A detailed time-resolved study of an eclipsing SU UMa system during superoutburst onset should settle the question - if there is a dramatic contraction of the disk at superoutburst onset, Osaki's thermal-tidal model would be preferred; if not, the plain disk instability model would be sufficient. Finally, it may be necessaryto look beyond the short period dwarf novae to gain perspective on the nature of embedded precursors in long outbursts. We report results of an extensive worldwide observing campaign devoted to a very active dwarf nova star - IX Draconis.
We investigated photometric behaviour of the system to derive its basic outburst properties and understand peculiarities of IX Draconis as well as other active cataclysmic variables, in particular dwarf novae of the ER UMa type. In order to measure fundamental parameters of the system, we carried out analyses of the light curve, O - C diagram, and power spectra. During over two months of observations, we detected two superoutbursts and several normal outbursts. The V magnitude of the star varied in the range Superoutbursts occur regularly with the supercycle length Psc of Normal outbursts appear to be irregular, with typical occurrence times in the range 3.
We detected a double-peaked structure of superhumps during superoutburst, with the secondary maximum becoming dominant near the end of the superoutburst. Based on the power spectrum analysis, the evaluation of the orbital period was problematic. We found two possible values: The evolutionary status of the object depends dramatically on the choice between these two values. A spectroscopic determination of the orbital period is needed. We updated available information on ER UMa -type stars and present a new set of their basic statistics.
Thereby, we provide evidence that this class of stars is not uniform. Sequential ultrasound-microwave assisted acid extraction UMAE of pectin from pomelo peels. This study aims to optimize sequential ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction UMAE on pomelo peel using citric acid. The effects of pH, sonication time, microwave power and irradiation time on the yield and the degree of esterification DE of pectin were investigated. Under optimized conditions of pH 1.
The pectin's galacturonic acid content obtained from combined extraction technique is higher than that obtained from sole extraction technique and the pectin gel produced from various techniques exhibited a pseudoplastic behaviour. This has substantiated the highest pectin yield of This was a project to study the disk and wind of the eclipsing nova-like variable UX UMa , in order to better define the wind geometry of the system, including the nature of the transition region between the disk photosphere and the supersonic wind.
We proposed to use phase resolved spectroscopy of the system, taking advantage of the fact that UX UMa is an eclipsing system, to isolate different regions of the wind and to use a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code to simulate the spectra through the eclipse. We present the results of our investigation of the geometrical and physical parameters of the binary system LX Leo. According to our solution, the system is a high mass-ratio, totally eclipsing, W-type W UMa system. In addition, the evolutionary condition of the system is discussed.
We present observational evidence that supercycle lengths of the most active SU UMa -type stars are increasing during the past decades. We analyzed a large number of photometric measurements from available archives and found that this effect is generic for this class of stars, independently of their evolutionary status.
This finding is in agreement with previous predictions and the most recent work of Patterson et al. This new vent is one of two ongoing eruptions on the volcano.
Chromospheric activity on late-type star DM UMa using high-resolution spectroscopic observations. We analysed these chromospheric active indicators by employing the spectral subtraction technique. These phenomena might be explained by flare events or rotational modulations of the level of chromospheric activity. Sonification is the conversion of quantitative data into sound. In this work we explain the methods used in the sonification of light curves provided by the Kepler instrument from Q2 through Q6 for the cataclysmic variable systems V Lyr and V Cyg.
Both systems are SU UMa stars showing dwarf nova outbursts and superoutbursts as well as positive and negative superhumps. Focused sonifications were done from average pulse shapes of each superhump, and separate sonifications of the full, residual light curves were done for both stars. The audio of these data reflected distinct patterns within the evolutions of supercycles and superhumps that matched pervious observations and proved to be effective aids in data analysis. Observations and light curve solutions of a selection of shallow-contact W UMa binaries.
The light curve solutions revealed that these binaries have overcontact configurations with small fillout factors within 0. Seven of them undergo total eclipses and their photometric mass ratios should be accepted with confidence. The temperature differences of the components of CSS J Observations and light curve solutions of three ultrashort-period W UMa binaries. The results from the modeling and analysis of our observations reveal that: Masses, radii and luminosities of the stellar components were estimated by the empirical relation "period, orbital axis" for short- and ultrashort-period binaries.
Buckets of ash track tephra flux from Halema' uma 'u Crater, Hawai'i. Less appreciated is the ongoing, weak, but continuous output of tephra, primarily ash, from the new open vent in Halema' uma 'u Crater. This tephra holds clues to processes causing the eruption and forming the new crater-in-a-crater, and its flux is important to hazard evaluations.
The setting of the vent—easily accessible from the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory HVO —is unusually favorable for neardaily tracking of tephra mass flux during this small prolonged basaltic eruption. Recognizing this, scientists from HVO are collecting ash and documenting how ejection masses, components, and chemical compositions vary through time. The observations occurred during a super-high state never before observed in HU Aqr. The near-infrared observations show a corresponding flux increase of times over previous J and K observations.
However, the near-infrared eclipse minimum during this super-high state are the same as seen in previous observations, indicating that the eclipse in the near-infrared is total.
Tem como descobrir numero restrito claro
We present a detailed comparison of the EUV and near-infrared emission of HU Aqr as a function of orbital phase and discuss the geometry and physical properties of the high energy and infrared emitting regions. We present EUV phase-resolved photometry and spectroscopy and show that the He emission line is not produced on the heated face of the secondary star, but emanates from the inner illuminated regions of the coupling region and accretion stream. We comment on the overall structure of the accretion geometry as well.
We explore a range in possible input parameters and model assumptions to delineate under what conditions each model may be preferred. II The Second Year Continued from Kato et al. The newly obtained data confirmed the basic findings reported in Kato et al. There was a systematic difference in the period derivatives for the systems with superhump periods longer than 0. We suggest that this difference was possibly caused by a relative lack of frequently outbursting SU UMa -type dwarf novae in this period regime in the present study. We recorded a strong beat phenomenon during the superoutburst of IY UMa.
A close correlation between the beat period and the superhump period suggests that the changing angular velocity of the apsidal motion of the elliptical disk is responsible for the variation of the superhump periods. We also described three new WZ Sge-type objects with established early superhumps and one with likely early superhumps. We also present a formulation for a variety of Bayesian extensions to traditional period analyses.
We compare the masses of the NO UMa binary components to those predicted by five sets of stellar evolution models at the age of the Ursa Major group. We find excellent agreement between our measured masses and model predictions with little systematic scatter between the models. NO UMa joins the short list of nearby, bright, late-type binaries having known ages and fully characterized orbits. A new mechanism of long-term period variations for W UMa -type contact binaries.
W UMa -type contact binaries belong to close binary systems whose components exactly overflow their Roche lobes and share a common convective envelope CCE. In the last twenty years, the long-term variations of their orbital periods have been thought to depend on several mechanisms. Now, we suggest a new mechanism: The CCE-dominated mechanism is found based on our numerical result, especially at high mass ratios, that the orbital periods P of contact binaries change very much with their fill-out factors f.
Because f is taken as a measurement of the thickness of CCE, the physical cause for the variation of P is a mass transfer between CCE and components. Further, an f-dominated simplification model for this mechanism is introduced. According to it, P may change in a long-term oscillation way with a similar time scale of the thermal modulation, meanwhile q is decreasing slowly till the two components merge.
It could be also applied to explain the presence of extremely short period, high mass ratio and deep contact binaries. Therefor, the effect of CCE on the variations of orbital periods may have been underestimated before. Observations and light curve solutions of a selection of middle-contact W UMa binaries. The light curve solutions revealed that the components of each target are of G and K spectral types. The binaries of the sample have middle-contact configurations whose fillout factors are within the range 0.
The only exception is NSVS which is in deeper contact fillout factor of 0. It precisely obeys the relation between mass ratio and fillout factor for deep, low mass ratio overcontact binaries. One of the eclipses of almost all targets except MM Peg is an occultation and their photometric mass ratios and solutions could be accepted with confidence. We found that the target components have almost equal temperatures but differ considerably in size and mass. The components of the partially-eclipsed MM Peg have close parameters.
This subclassification is well-determined for all totally-eclipsed binaries. The targets confirm the trends in which W-subtype systems have smaller periods and lower temperatures than A subtype binaries. The light curves of Broglia , Contr. It is found that the light curve of the binary star has changed from W-subtype to A-subtype according to Binnendijk's classification. This variation may be caused by the activity of dark spot on the primary component. Combining four newly determined times of the light minimum with others published in the literature, the orbital period change of the system was investigated.
The period oscillation can be explained either by the light-time effect via the presence of an unseen third body or by magnetic-activity cycles of the components. This indicates that it is on the TRO-controlled stage of the evolutionary scheme proposed by Qian. The asymmetry of the light curves requires a large, single star spot on the smaller, less massive secondary component.
The modeled spot varied little during the year range of photometric observations. Among the 16 shallow-contact systems with a decreasing orbital period, MR Com has the lowest mass ratio e. The shallow-contact configuration, the low-mass ratio, and the long-term period decrease all suggest that systems similar to MR Com are on the AML-controlled stage of the evolutionary scheme proposed by Qian. They will oscillate around a critical mass ratio and evolve into a deep contact with a higher mass ratio.
The small-amplitude cyclic change in the O - C curve was analyzed for the light-travel time effect via the presence of an extremely cool stellar companion. The variations of the orbital period were analyzed based on 12 new determined times of light minimum together with the others compiled from the literature. Photometric solutions determined with the Wilson-Devinney method suggest that BI CVn is a contact binary with a degree of contact of The asymmetry of the light curves was interpreted by the presence of dark spots on both components, and absolute parameters were determined by combining the photometric elements with the spectroscopic solutions given by Lu.
The observed period decrease can be plausibly explained by a combination of the mass transfer from the primary to the secondary and angular momentum loss via magnetic braking. The cyclic period oscillation suggests that BI CVn is a triple system containing a tertiary component with a mass no less than 0.
As in the cases of the other contact binaries e. The classical explosive basaltic eruption spectrum is traditionally defined by the following end member eruption styles: The field use of high-speed cameras has enabled volcanologists to make improved quantifications and more accurate descriptions of these classical eruptions styles and to quantify previously undecipherable activity including activity on the basaltic eruption spectrum between the two defined end members.
Explosive activity in at the free surface of the Halema' uma 'u lava lake at Kilauea exhibited features of both sustained Hawaiian fountaining and transient Strombolian explosivity. Most of this activity is internally triggered by the internal rise of decoupled gas bubbles from below the lake's surface, but external triggering via rock falls, was also observed. Here I identify three styles of bubble bursting and spattering eruptive activity isolated events, clusters of events, and prolonged episodes at the lava lake, and distinguished them based on their temporal and spatial distributions.
Isolated events are discrete single bubble bursts that persist for a few tenths of seconds to seconds and are separated by repose periods of similar or longer time scales. Cluster of events are closely spaced, repeated events grouped around a narrow point source, which persist for seconds to minutes.
Prolonged episodes are groupings of numerous events closely linked in space and time that persist for tens of minutes to hours. Analysis of individual events from high-speed camera images indicates that they are made up of up to three phases: Based on the numerical parameters established in this study, the activity was relatively weak i. We present a detailed analysis of the interesting W UMa binary FI Boo in view of the spectroscopic signature of a third body through photometry, period variation, and a thorough investigation of solution uniqueness.
The results were tested by heuristic scanning and parameter kicking to provide the consistent and reliable set of parameters that was used to obtain the initial masses of the progenitors 1. We also investigated the evolutionary status of massive components with several sets of widely used isochrones. However, it has been neglected in photometric investigations.
Here, the first complete light curves in the B, V, R, and I bands are presented and analyzed using the Wilson and Devinney method. The continuous increase may be caused by a mass transfer from the less massive component to the more massive one. This suggests that UZ CMi is in the thermal relaxation oscillation controlled stage of the evolutionary scheme proposed by Qian. UZ CMi will oscillate around a critical mass ratio and the contact configuration cannot be broken.
The cyclic change was analyzed for the light-travel time effect via the presence of an extremely cool stellar companion. The formation, evolution, collapse, and subsequent resurrection of a vent within Halema' uma 'u Crater, Kilauea Volcano, produced energetic and varied degassing signals recorded by a nearby infrasound array between and early After 25 years of quiescence, a vent-clearing explosive burst on 19 March produced a clear, complex acoustic signal. Near-continuous harmonic infrasonic tremor followed this burst until 4 December , when a period of decreased degassing occurred.
The tremor spectra suggest volume oscillation and reverberation of a shallow gas-filled cavity beneath the vent. The dominant tremor peak can be sustained through Helmholtz oscillations of the cavity, while the secondary tremor peak and overtones are interpreted assuming acoustic resonance. The dominant tremor frequency matches the oscillation frequency of the gas emanating from the vent observed by video. Over 21 varied degassing bursts were observed with extended burst durations and frequency content consistent with a transient release of gas exciting the cavity into resonance.
Correlation of infrasound with seismicity suggests an open system connecting the atmosphere to the seismic excitation process at depth. Numerous degassing bursts produced very long period 0. Kilauea infrasound appears controlled by the exsolution of gas from the magma, and the interaction of this gas with the conduits and cavities confining it. From the past few years, research has gained an ardent pace in the field of fault detection and diagnosis in induction motors. In the current scenario, software is being introduced with diagnostic features to improve stability and reliability in fault diagnostic techniques.
Human involvement in decision making for fault detection is slowly being replaced by Artificial Intelligence techniques. In this paper, a brief introduction of eccentricity fault is presented along with their causes and effects on the health of induction motors. Various indices used to detect eccentricity are being introduced along with their boundary conditions and their future scope of research.
At last, merits and demerits of all indices are discussed and a comparison is made between them. Using the lava lake as the hot background source we present MWIR gas analysis of the Kilauea volcanic plume. VizieR Online Data Catalog: In order to construct the O-C diagram to analyze the period change of UY UMa , we have performed a careful search for all available times of light minima. A total of 76 times of light minima were collected and listed in Table 2.
The minimum scatter, 0. The light travel effect produced by the presence of tertiary components can reveal much about the origin and evolution of over-contact binaries.
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Progress in the analysis of eclipse timing variations is summarized here both from the empirical and the theoretical points of view, and a more extensive investigation of the proposed orbital parameters of third bodies is proposed. The code we have developed for this, implemented in Python, is set up to handle heuristic scanning with parameter perturbation in parameter space, and to establish realistic uncertainties from the least squares fitting.
Future options to be implemented include MCMC and bootstrapping. We present the first precision BVRI light curves, synthetic light curve solutions, and a period study for the high amplitude solar type binary, V Cygni. The light curves have the appearance of an Algol EA type; however, it is made up of dwarf solar type components in a detached mode with a period of only 0. Flare-like disruptions occur in the light curves following the primary and secondary eclipses possibly due to the line-of-sight track of a gas stream.
The more massive star is the gainer, making this system a classic, albeit dwarf, Algol. Survey of period variations of superhumps in SU UMa -type dwarf novae. The eighth year Continuing the project described by Kato et al. The data have improved the distribution of orbital periods, the relation between the orbital period and the variation of superhumps, and the relation between period variations and the rebrightening type in WZ Sge-type objects. Coupled with new measurements of mass ratios using growing stages of superhumps, we now have a clearer and statistically greatly improved evolutionary path near the terminal stage of evolution of cataclysmic variables.
We have newly obtained superhump periods for 79 objects and 13 orbital periods, including periods from early superhumps.
In order that future observations will be more astrophysically beneficial and rewarding to observers, we propose guidelines on how to organize observations of various superoutbursts. The measurements were obtained using inch and 1-inch telescopes, respectively. The observations were performed at the Masaryk University Observatory in Brno 3 nights, inch , and at the private observatory in Brno 16 nights, 1-inch in the Czech Republic from December to June Exposures were v - 60s, b - 30s, y - 30s, green - 30s.
For the small aperture telescope, five frames were combined to a single image to achieve a better signal-to-noise ratio. The time resolution of a such combined frame is about s. CCD images were calibrated in a standard way dark frame and flat field corrections. The C-Munipack software Motl was used for this processing as well as for differential photometry.
The 4th file contains minima timings of eclipsing binary CL Aur. A revised ephemeris and updated orbital period for EQ Tau have been determined from newly acquired CCD-derived photometric data. A Roche-type model based on the Wilson-Devinney code produced simultaneous theoretical fits of light curve data in three passbands by invoking cold spots on the primary component.
These new model fits, along with similar light curve data for EQ Tau collected during the previous six seasons , provided a rare opportunity to follow the seasonal appearance of star spots on a W UMa binary system over nine consecutive years. Fixed values for q,? With the exception of the season all other light curves produced since then required a spotted solution to address the flux asymmetry exhibited by this binary system at Max I and Max II.
At least one cold spot on the primary appears in seven out of twelve light curves for EQ Tau produced over the last nine years, whereas in six instances two cold spots on the primary star were invoked to improve the model fit. Solutions using a hot spot were less common and involved positioning a single spot on the primary constituent during the , , and seasons. In many industrial areas such as in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, printing, and textile, the use of synthetic dyes has been integral with products such as azo dye, anthrax, and dyestuffs. As such, these industries produce a lot of waste by-products that could contaminate the environment.
Bioremediation, therefore, has become an important emerging technology due to its cost-sustainable, effective, natural approach to cleaning up contaminated groundwater and soil via the use of microorganisms. The use of microorganisms in bioremediation requires the optimisation of parameters used in cultivating the organism. Biodegradation analyses were carried out on a soil spiked with RBBR and supplemented with rice husk as the fungus growth enhancer. A two-level Plackett-Burman design was used to screen the medium components for the effects on the decolourization of RBBR.
To describe the clinical course of paediatric patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease in UMAE of Yucatan. Descriptive review was performed on the records of paediatric patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease from 1 November to 30 November The most frequent heart diseases were persistent ductus arteriosus The median intensive care stay was 3 days. The most frequent complications were sepsis 5. There was a moderate positive correlation between surgical complications and survival or death.
The number of surgical patients is lower compared to reference centres for cardiovascular surgery. There is a marked tendency to perform corrective and palliative surgeries in specific disease in patients with added risk or 'bad' cardiac anatomy that prevent full correction at the first attempt. Prospective epidemiological and clinical studies should be conducted to understand the behaviour of congenital heart diseases treated in the region.
The orbital period decrease was found to be a rate of The inner and outer critical Roche lobes will contract and cause the contact degree to increase. Therefore, IK Boo may evolve into a deeper contact system. Furthermore, a possible cyclic variation was found with a period of 9. Speciation, population structure, and demographic history of the Mojave Fringe-toed Lizard Uma scoparia , a species of conservation concern.
The North American deserts were impacted by both Neogene plate tectonics and Quaternary climatic fluctuations, yet it remains unclear how these events influenced speciation in this region. We tested published hypotheses regarding the timing and mode of speciation, population structure, and demographic history of the Mojave Fringe-toed Lizard Uma scoparia , a sand dune specialist endemic to the Mojave Desert of California and Arizona.
We sampled individual lizards representing 22 insular dune localities, obtained DNA sequences for 14 nuclear loci, and found that U. Analyses of genotypes using Bayesian clustering algorithms did not identify discrete populations within U. Using isolation-with-migration IM models and a novel coalescent-based hypothesis testing approach, we estimated that U. The likelihood ratio test and the Akaike Information Criterion consistently rejected nested speciation models that included parameters for migration and population growth of U.
We reject the Neogene vicariance hypothesis for the speciation of U. It is a high-amplitude V 0. As expected, the light curve is asymmetric due to spot activity. Three times of minimum light were calculated, for two primary eclipses and one secondary eclipse, from our present observations. In total, some 26 times of minimum light covering nearly 20 years of observation were used to determine linear and quadratic ephemerides. It is noted that the light curve solution remained in a detached state for every iteration of the computer runs.
A degree radius high latitude white spot faculae was iterated on the primary component. Three new precise epochs of minimum light were determined and a linear and a quadratic ephemeris were computed from these and previous data covering 28 years of observation. The light curves reveal that the system undergoes a brief 20 min totality in the primary eclipse, indicating that CE Leo is a W UMa W-type binary.
Standard magnitudes were found and a simultaneous solution of the B, V, R, I light curves was computed using the new Wilson-Devinney synthetic light curve code which has the capability of automatically adjusting star spots. The solution indicates that the system consists of two early K-type dwarfs in marginal contact with a fill-out factor less than 3 percent. Evidence for the presence of a large 45 deg radius superluminous area on the cooler component is given. Environmental differences in substrate mechanics do not affect sprinting performance in sand lizards Uma scoparia and Callisaurus draconoides.
Running performance depends on a mechanical interaction between the feet of an animal and the substrate. This interaction may differ between two species of sand lizard from the Mojave Desert that have different locomotor morphologies and habitat distributions. Uma scorparia possesses toe fringes and inhabits dunes, whereas the closely related Callisaurus draconoides lacks fringes and is found on dune and wash habitats.
The present study evaluated whether these distribution patterns are related to differential locomotor performance on the fine sand of the dunes and the course sand of the wash habitat. We measured the kinematics of sprinting and characterized differences in grain size distribution and surface strength of the soil in both habitats. Although wash sand had a surface strength The broadly distributed C. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in maximum acceleration or the time to attain maximum speed between species or between substrates. These results suggest that differences in habitat distribution between these species are not related to locomotor performance and that sprinting ability is dominated neither by environmental differences in substrate nor the presence of toe fringes.
Size-resolved chemistry of aerosols produced by Halema' uma 'u eruption , Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i. A dense quiescent plume has been emitted continuously from the eruptive vent in Halema' uma 'u crater since March Aerosol particles were sampled near-source in the young plume uma 'u and Pu'u O'o show SO in the same narrow size bin 0. It is noteworthy that the particles appear not to have grown when the plume has drifted km downwind.
The formation of aerosol measured downwind is dominated by oxidation of SO2 to SO in the plume. Um total de 5. These solar-type systems are usually detached or semidetached with one or both components under filling their critical Roche lobes. They usually have EA or EB-type light curves unequal eclipse depths, indicating components with substantially different temperatures. The accepted scenario for these W UMa binaries is that they are undergoing steady but slow angular momentum losses due to magnetic braking as stellar winds blow radially away on stiff bipolar field lines.
These binaries are believed to come into stable contact and eventually coalesce into blue straggler type, single, fast rotating A-type stars Guinan and Bradstreet, This is the shortest period PCWB found so far. Our solutions of light curves separated by some three years give approximately the same physical parameters. However the spots radically change, in temperature, area and position causing a distinctive variation in the shape of the light curves. We conclude that spots are very active on this solar type dwarf system and that it may mimic its larger cousins, the RS CVn binaries.
New photometric observations of a W UMa system, V Aur, were carried out over 10 nights from December 19 to February 8, from which four sets of light curves were obtained. The light curves show many unusual behavioral features, including changing occultation depths, transit minima, and asymmetric maxima. The four sets of light curves have been separately analyzed with the Wilson-Devinney method. The results suggest a totally eclipsing contact configuration for the system.
Over a surprisingly short time span of only 52 days, the dominant spot distortion phase jumped twice between phases 0. The light-curve variations can be interpreted by the presence of two cool spots on the massive component. Our study demonstrates that the system has been undergoing typical flip-flop activity. Lineage diversification of fringe-toed lizards Phrynosomatidae: Uma notata complex in the Colorado Desert: Delimiting species in the presence of gene flow.
Multi-locus nuclear DNA data were used to delimit species of fringe-toed lizards of the Uma notata complex, which are specialized for living in wind-blown sand habitats in the deserts of southwestern North America, and to infer whether Quaternary glacial cycles or Tertiary geological events were important in shaping the historical biogeography of this group.
We analyzed ten nuclear loci collected using Sanger sequencing and genome-wide sequence and single-nucleotide polymorphism SNP data collected using restriction-associated DNA RAD sequencing. Therefore, we conservatively delimit four species-level lineages within this complex U. Both concatenated and coalescent-based estimates of speciation times support the hypotheses that speciation within the complex occurred during the late Pleistocene, and that the geological evolution of the Colorado River delta during this period was an important process shaping the observed phylogeographic patterns.
Enfocamos e discutimos principalmente os seguintes aspectos da fase impulsiva do evento: O primeiro eixo integra o tema no desenvolvimento cultural do ser humano, praticando a interdisciplinaridade. No trabalho discutimos em detalhe as quatro etapas. Como resultados, adiantamos que: The summit eruption within Halema' uma 'u crater, Kilauea has been characterized by alternations of passive degassing with two styles of explosive activity, both frequently triggered by rock falls that perturb the free surface of magma in the vent.
In the first, larger rock falls trigger second vesiculation of magma at depths up to m below the free surface ejecting juvenile bomb and lapilli populations of very variable vesicularity. The second, the topic of this presentation, consists of intervals of minutes to tens-of-minutes duration of low fountaining activity often from multiple locations. Vents may migrate with time, first across the free surface to its margins, and then around the margins, in response to convection processes in the underlying melt.
Analysis of short sequences of high-speed, high-resolution video footage shows that the sustained fountaining is maintained by not by a continuous discharge but rather by closely spaced bursting of two-to-five meter-wide bubbles. The light curve contains one superoutburst, eight normal outbursts including a precursor to the superoutburst , and several minioutbursts that are present before—but not after—the superoutburst.
The superoutburst began with a precursor normal outburst, and shortly after the peak of the precursor, the system developed large-amplitude superhumps that achieved their maximum amplitude after just three superhump cycles. The period excess of the initial superhump period relative to the orbital period implies a mass ratio of 0. In addition, our analysis of the variations in eclipse width and depth, as well as the hot spot amplitudes, generally provides substantiation of the thermal-tidal instability model. Oct 25, 2, Oct 29, 1, Oct 26, Brasil.
Oct 25, 3, Duas coisas importantes, logo de cara: Quem parou o golpe, a tempo? Foi exatamente o que ocorreu. Oct 25, 9, Brazil. Oct 25, Oct 27, 1, Legal demais ver uma galera jovem e velha junta contra o coiso. Oct 28, Teve gente pra caralho, mais do que eu imaginava. Jun 26, Jupiter. Oct 27, There was a moderate positive correlation between surgical complications and survival or death. The number of surgical patients is lower compared to reference centres for cardiovascular surgery.
There is a marked tendency to perform corrective and palliative surgeries in specific disease in patients with added risk or 'bad' cardiac anatomy that prevent full correction at the first attempt. Prospective epidemiological and clinical studies should be conducted to understand the behaviour of congenital heart diseases treated in the region. The orbital period decrease was found to be a rate of The inner and outer critical Roche lobes will contract and cause the contact degree to increase. Therefore, IK Boo may evolve into a deeper contact system. Furthermore, a possible cyclic variation was found with a period of 9.
Speciation, population structure, and demographic history of the Mojave Fringe-toed Lizard Uma scoparia , a species of conservation concern. The North American deserts were impacted by both Neogene plate tectonics and Quaternary climatic fluctuations, yet it remains unclear how these events influenced speciation in this region.
We tested published hypotheses regarding the timing and mode of speciation, population structure, and demographic history of the Mojave Fringe-toed Lizard Uma scoparia , a sand dune specialist endemic to the Mojave Desert of California and Arizona. We sampled individual lizards representing 22 insular dune localities, obtained DNA sequences for 14 nuclear loci, and found that U.
Analyses of genotypes using Bayesian clustering algorithms did not identify discrete populations within U. Using isolation-with-migration IM models and a novel coalescent-based hypothesis testing approach, we estimated that U. The likelihood ratio test and the Akaike Information Criterion consistently rejected nested speciation models that included parameters for migration and population growth of U. We reject the Neogene vicariance hypothesis for the speciation of U.
It is a high-amplitude V 0. As expected, the light curve is asymmetric due to spot activity. Three times of minimum light were calculated, for two primary eclipses and one secondary eclipse, from our present observations. In total, some 26 times of minimum light covering nearly 20 years of observation were used to determine linear and quadratic ephemerides. It is noted that the light curve solution remained in a detached state for every iteration of the computer runs. A degree radius high latitude white spot faculae was iterated on the primary component.
Three new precise epochs of minimum light were determined and a linear and a quadratic ephemeris were computed from these and previous data covering 28 years of observation. The light curves reveal that the system undergoes a brief 20 min totality in the primary eclipse, indicating that CE Leo is a W UMa W-type binary.
Standard magnitudes were found and a simultaneous solution of the B, V, R, I light curves was computed using the new Wilson-Devinney synthetic light curve code which has the capability of automatically adjusting star spots. The solution indicates that the system consists of two early K-type dwarfs in marginal contact with a fill-out factor less than 3 percent. Evidence for the presence of a large 45 deg radius superluminous area on the cooler component is given. Environmental differences in substrate mechanics do not affect sprinting performance in sand lizards Uma scoparia and Callisaurus draconoides.
Running performance depends on a mechanical interaction between the feet of an animal and the substrate. This interaction may differ between two species of sand lizard from the Mojave Desert that have different locomotor morphologies and habitat distributions.
Uma scorparia possesses toe fringes and inhabits dunes, whereas the closely related Callisaurus draconoides lacks fringes and is found on dune and wash habitats. The present study evaluated whether these distribution patterns are related to differential locomotor performance on the fine sand of the dunes and the course sand of the wash habitat. We measured the kinematics of sprinting and characterized differences in grain size distribution and surface strength of the soil in both habitats.
Although wash sand had a surface strength The broadly distributed C. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in maximum acceleration or the time to attain maximum speed between species or between substrates. These results suggest that differences in habitat distribution between these species are not related to locomotor performance and that sprinting ability is dominated neither by environmental differences in substrate nor the presence of toe fringes.
Size-resolved chemistry of aerosols produced by Halema' uma 'u eruption , Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i. A dense quiescent plume has been emitted continuously from the eruptive vent in Halema' uma 'u crater since March Aerosol particles were sampled near-source in the young plume uma 'u and Pu'u O'o show SO in the same narrow size bin 0.
It is noteworthy that the particles appear not to have grown when the plume has drifted km downwind. The formation of aerosol measured downwind is dominated by oxidation of SO2 to SO in the plume. Um total de 5. These solar-type systems are usually detached or semidetached with one or both components under filling their critical Roche lobes. They usually have EA or EB-type light curves unequal eclipse depths, indicating components with substantially different temperatures. The accepted scenario for these W UMa binaries is that they are undergoing steady but slow angular momentum losses due to magnetic braking as stellar winds blow radially away on stiff bipolar field lines.
These binaries are believed to come into stable contact and eventually coalesce into blue straggler type, single, fast rotating A-type stars Guinan and Bradstreet, This is the shortest period PCWB found so far. Our solutions of light curves separated by some three years give approximately the same physical parameters. However the spots radically change, in temperature, area and position causing a distinctive variation in the shape of the light curves. We conclude that spots are very active on this solar type dwarf system and that it may mimic its larger cousins, the RS CVn binaries.
New photometric observations of a W UMa system, V Aur, were carried out over 10 nights from December 19 to February 8, from which four sets of light curves were obtained. The light curves show many unusual behavioral features, including changing occultation depths, transit minima, and asymmetric maxima. The four sets of light curves have been separately analyzed with the Wilson-Devinney method. The results suggest a totally eclipsing contact configuration for the system.
Over a surprisingly short time span of only 52 days, the dominant spot distortion phase jumped twice between phases 0. The light-curve variations can be interpreted by the presence of two cool spots on the massive component. Our study demonstrates that the system has been undergoing typical flip-flop activity. Lineage diversification of fringe-toed lizards Phrynosomatidae: Uma notata complex in the Colorado Desert: Delimiting species in the presence of gene flow.
Multi-locus nuclear DNA data were used to delimit species of fringe-toed lizards of the Uma notata complex, which are specialized for living in wind-blown sand habitats in the deserts of southwestern North America, and to infer whether Quaternary glacial cycles or Tertiary geological events were important in shaping the historical biogeography of this group.
We analyzed ten nuclear loci collected using Sanger sequencing and genome-wide sequence and single-nucleotide polymorphism SNP data collected using restriction-associated DNA RAD sequencing. Therefore, we conservatively delimit four species-level lineages within this complex U. Both concatenated and coalescent-based estimates of speciation times support the hypotheses that speciation within the complex occurred during the late Pleistocene, and that the geological evolution of the Colorado River delta during this period was an important process shaping the observed phylogeographic patterns.
The United States and Brazil: Opening a New Dialogue,. The Principal Cause of the Enfocamos e discutimos principalmente os seguintes aspectos da fase impulsiva do evento: O primeiro eixo integra o tema no desenvolvimento cultural do ser humano, praticando a interdisciplinaridade. No trabalho discutimos em detalhe as quatro etapas. Como resultados, adiantamos que: Educacion en Poblaciones Indigenas: Politicas y Estrategias en America Latina.
Education for Indigenous Populations: Policies and Strategies in Latin America. This document is a compilation of 20 papers from a seminar on educational policy and strategy for educating the indigenous peoples of Latin America and Mexico. There is a growing awareness among linguistics and anthropology specialists and educators of the necessity to validate education that respects the values of an indigenous culture. The summit eruption within Halema' uma 'u crater, Kilauea has been characterized by alternations of passive degassing with two styles of explosive activity, both frequently triggered by rock falls that perturb the free surface of magma in the vent.
In the first, larger rock falls trigger second vesiculation of magma at depths up to m below the free surface ejecting juvenile bomb and lapilli populations of very variable vesicularity. The second, the topic of this presentation, consists of intervals of minutes to tens-of-minutes duration of low fountaining activity often from multiple locations. Vents may migrate with time, first across the free surface to its margins, and then around the margins, in response to convection processes in the underlying melt. Analysis of short sequences of high-speed, high-resolution video footage shows that the sustained fountaining is maintained by not by a continuous discharge but rather by closely spaced bursting of two-to-five meter-wide bubbles.
The light curve contains one superoutburst, eight normal outbursts including a precursor to the superoutburst , and several minioutbursts that are present before—but not after—the superoutburst. The superoutburst began with a precursor normal outburst, and shortly after the peak of the precursor, the system developed large-amplitude superhumps that achieved their maximum amplitude after just three superhump cycles. The period excess of the initial superhump period relative to the orbital period implies a mass ratio of 0. In addition, our analysis of the variations in eclipse width and depth, as well as the hot spot amplitudes, generally provides substantiation of the thermal-tidal instability model.
The K2 data, in conjunction with our ground-based time-resolved spectroscopy and photometry from to , allows us to determine many of the fundamental parameters of this system. In this paper will be introduced a method of astrophotography using a non-reflex photographic camera a low-cost method. It will be revised some photographic processes commonly used nowadays for comparison with the aims of this paper. Although average emissions from the ERZ during this period have been times that of the summit, the relative impact of summit emissions is disproportionately large due to the location of the vent and the plume dispersal pattern to downwind communities.
Ambient air quality data show that federal standards have been exceeded frequently in various communities on the south half of the island. In July , the U. Coffee and macadamia nut farmers also reported damage to their fields. While some livestock farmers reported eye irritation in cattle, more significant damage was observed in the accelerated deterioration of galvanized fencing, gates, pipelines and other infrastructure. The increase in volcanic pollution has spurred health concerns. Em , o Sr. Learning Astronomy by Playing in a Park. Politica Nacional sobre Discapacidad: A Progress Report, December December This report written in Spanish of the National Council on Disability NCD describes the nation's progress in advancing public policies to increase the inclusion, empowerment, and independence of people with disabilities in light of the Americans with Disabilities Act of The report covers December through December This booklet defines and establishes guidelines for educational research in Colombia.
Sections describe basic philosophy and objectives, types of research, policies for educational investigation, governmental role, and principle areas for educational research.
Instalar programa para rastrear celulares - Rastreador de celular techtudo
A listing of current and proposed research projects is provided. The Constitution of and Its Political Implications. Brings a different reading of 's Brazilian Imperial Political Constitution.
Discusses some historical and political circumstances of the document's construction. Investigates practices, conceptions, and supports that could have clarified some principles stressed by the document, especially those related to citizenship matters. Basic Concepts of Astronomy: This paper presents one of the concepts of Astronomy and its consequent failure in teaching this topic in high school, even when the official documents point out the necessity of Astronomy teaching at this school level.
Among the spontaneous conceptions in Astronomy that high school students carry with them, even after the end of the school, we emphasized in this research the Moon phases. The development of different strategies in relation to traditional methods, aimed to teaching-learning process on this topic was considered in this study.
These strategies were devised based on the reference frame of the Meaningful Learning, as elaborated by Ausubel. The proposals presented here include the active participation of students in experimental activities and other didactic activities, for their continuous evaluation during the process.
These activities finished with a Comics elaboration about the Moon phases. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to present a proposal for differentiated teaching activity about Moon phases supported by the theoretical principles of Meaningful Learning at Physics classes. A time of minimum light of HJD Using Wilson-Devinney's binary model, we analized the light curves. MOST observations were obtained to search for photometric non-radial oscillations; none was detected with an upper limit of 0. A single, precise moment of the primary eclipse confirms the progressive shortening of the orbital period.
Biofunctionality and immunocompatibility of starch-based biomaterials. A procura de novos biomateriais que desempenhem funcoes especificas sem, no entanto, desencadearem respostas negativas nos hospedeiros constitui um desafio permanente e actual nesta area. Biomateriais degradaveis foram uma das solucoes propostas e actualmente em aplicacao mas, embora possuam vantagens inegaveis, tambem apresentam alguns problemas nomeadamente no que diz respeito aos seus produtos de degradacao e respectivos efeitos negativos consequentes. Outros biomateriais, entre os quais polimeros de origem natural, foram propostos considerando que os seus produtos de degradacao poderao ser incorporados nas vias metabolicas normais evitando efeitos secundarios no hospedeiro.
Ate ao momento, e apesar de todos os esforcos e do grande numero de dispositivos biomedicos desenvolvidos, o biomaterial ideal para uma aplicacao especifica ainda nao foi encontrado. Estudos com polimeros biodegradaveis a base de amido demonstraram que estes materiais possuem propriedades promissoras abrindo novas perspectivas para a sua possivel aplicacao numa variedade de aplicacoes biomedicas. Assim, de modo a demonstrar que estes materiais tem de facto potencial para serem utilizados em, por exemplo, substituicao ossea, sistemas de libertacao controlada, cimentos osseos e engenharia de tecidos, seria imperativo avaliar com maior profundidade a resposta biologica desencadeada pelos mesmos.
Para tal foi delineado um plano de trabalhos com tres objectivos principais: Foi dada particular atencao a osteoblastos considerando uma possivel aplicacao ortopedica para estes materiais; ii estabelecer modelos in vitro para analisar e prever, tanto quanto possivel, uma situacao real de resposta inflamatoria; iii validar os resultados in vitro com um modelo in vivo ja estabelecido em outros trabalhos de analise da resposta.
Nos ultimos anos, a Optoelectronica tem sido estabelecida como um campo de investigacao capaz de conduzir a novas solucoes tecnologicas. As conquistas abundantes no campo da optica e lasers, bem como em comunicacoes opticas tem sido de grande importancia e desencadearam uma serie de inovacoes. Entre o grande numero de componentes opticos existentes, os componentes baseados em fibra optica sao principalmente relevantes devido a sua simplicidade e a elevada de transporte de dados da fibra optica. Neste trabalho foi focado um destes componentes opticos: Esta classe de componentes opticos e extremamente atraente para o desenvolvimento de dispositivos de comunicacoes opticas e sensores.
O trabalho comecou com uma analise teorica aplicada a redes em fibra e foram focados os metodos de fabricacao de redes em fibra mais utilizados. A inscricao de redes em fibra tambem foi abordado neste trabalho, onde um sistema de inscricao automatizada foi implementada para a fibra optica de silica, e os resultados experimentais mostraram uma boa aproximacao ao estudo de simulacao. Tambem foi desenvolvido um sistema de inscricao de redes de Bragg em fibra optica de plastico. Foi apresentado um estudo detalhado da modulacao acustico-optica em redes em fibra optica de silica e de plastico. Por meio de uma analise detalhada dos modos de excitacao mecanica aplicadas ao modulador acustico-optico, destacou-se que dois modos predominantes de excitacao acustica pode ser estabelecidos na fibra optica, dependendo da frequencia acustica aplicada.
Atraves dessa caracterizacao, foi possivel desenvolver novas aplicacoes para comunicacoes opticas. Estudos e implementacao de diferentes dispositivos baseados em redes em fibra foram realizados, usando o efeito acustico-optico e o processo de regeneracao em fibra optica para varias aplicacoes tais como rapido multiplexador optico add-drop, atraso de grupo. O presente trabalho apresenta novas metodologias desenvolvidas para a analise das propriedades magneticas e magnetocaloricas de materiais, sustentadas em consideracoes teoricas a partir de modelos, nomeadamente a teoria de transicoes de fase de Landau, o modelo de campo medio molecular e a teoria de fenomeno critico.
Sao propostos novos metodos de escala, permitindo a interpretacao de dados de magnetizacao de materiais numa perspectiva de campo medio molecular ou teoria de fenomeno critico. A termodinamica das transicoes de fase magneticas de primeira ordem e estudada usando a teoria de Landau e de campo medio molecular modelo de Bean-Rodbell , avaliando os efeitos de fenomenos fora de equilibrio e de condicoes de mistura de fase em estimativas do efeito magnetocalorico a partir de medidas magneticas.
O uso das metodologias apresentadas na interpretacao das propriedades magneticas de variados materiais ferromagneticos permitiu obter: The emergence of hyaluronic acid dermal fillers with lidocaine has transformed the minimally invasive treatment of wrinkles, lines and folds of the face. Patients can be treated quickly, painlessly and without the need for large doses of lidocaine. Therefore, it is important to scientifically evaluate the merits of lidocaine-containing products over those without. Only 73 subjects completed the follow-up. There were 68 females and 5 males with medium-to-deep nasolabial folds.
All subjects were randomly injected with the two products on one or the other side of the face. Both products achieved significant improvement in the wrinkle severity score. Overall results were slightly better with UJU due to ease of injection, lack of pain and avoidance of topical or parenteral anaesthetic. In all other respects, differences in clinical data were not statistically significant. A analise dos efeitos dos sismos mostra que a investigacao em engenharia sismica deve dar especial atencao a avaliacao da vulnerabilidade das construcoes existentes, frequentemente desprovidas de adequada resistencia sismica tal como acontece em edificios de betao armado BA de muitas cidades em paises do sul da Europa, entre os quais Portugal.
Sendo os pilares elementos estruturais fundamentais na resistencia sismica dos edificios, deve ser dada especial atencao a sua resposta sob acoes ciclicas.
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Acresce que o sismo e um tipo de acao cujos efeitos nos edificios exige a consideracao de duas componentes horizontais, o que tem exigencias mais severas nos pilares comparativamente a acao unidirecional. Assim, esta tese centra-se na avaliacao da resposta estrutural de pilares de betao armado sujeitos a acoes ciclicas horizontais biaxiais, em tres linhas principais.
Em primeiro lugar desenvolveu-se uma campanha de ensaios para o estudo do comportamento ciclico uniaxial e biaxial de pilares de betao armado com esforco axial constante. Para tal foram construidas quatro series de pilares retangulares de betao armado 24 no total com diferentes caracteristicas geometricas e quantidades de armadura longitudinal, tendo os pilares sido ensaiados para diferentes historias de carga.
Os resultados experimentais obtidos sao analisados e discutidos dando particular atencao a evolucao do dano, a degradacao de rigidez e resistencia com o aumento das exigencias de deformacao, a energia dissipada, ao amortecimento viscoso equivalente; por fim e proposto um indice de dano para pilares solicitados biaxialmente. De seguida foram aplicadas diferentes estrategias de modelacao nao-linear para a representacao do comportamento biaxial dos pilares ensaiados, considerando nao-linearidade distribuida ao longo dos elementos ou concentrada nas extremidades dos mesmos.
Os resultados obtidos com as varias estrategias de modelacao demonstraram representar adequadamente a resposta em termos das curvas. Esta tese apresenta os resultados de uma investigacao experimental em filmes epitaxiais emissores de luz baseados em InxGa1-xN. O InxGa1-xN e uma liga semicondutora ternaria do grupo III-N muito utilizada como camada activa numa gama de dispositivos optoelectronicos em desenvolvimento, incluindo diodos emissores de luz LEDs e diodos laser LDs , para operacao na regiao do visivel e ultravioleta do espectro electromagnetico.
O objectivo central do trabalho prende-se com a compreensao mais profunda dos processos fisicos que estao por tras das suas propriedades opticas, preenchendo o fosso existente entre aplicacoes tecnologicas e o conhecimento cientifico. Nomeadamente, a tese aborda os problemas da medicao da fraccao de InN x em multicamadas ultrafinas sujeitas a tensoes, a influencia da composicao e das tensoes microscopicas nas propriedades opticas e estruturais. A metodologia seguida assenta na integracao de resultados obtidos por tecnicas complementares atraves de uma analise sistematica e multidisciplinar. Esta abordagem passa pela combinacao de: War of the Masses: The study population was patients from a National Public Health Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrion of Callao, Peru, during the period January to December of , patients over 15 years old with a diagnosis of ascites which samples were taken for study by paracentesis with an standard technique, it was analyzed total protein and albumin, as well as study of total protein and albumin in blood.
To determine ascites by HTP as diagnostic tests we took into account: Policies for effective institutional, regulatory, and financial reform. World Bank policy paper. Funcion del banco mundial en el sector de la electricidad: The paper outlines the World Bank's new policies for the energy sector. It recommends several new policies to improve the performance of the electric power sector in developing countries.
Bank loans for electric power will go first to countries clearly committed to improving the performance of their power sectors. The Bank will also discourage subsidies on energy prices and will encourage private investment in utilities. And it will provide financing to help the least developed countries import power where local generation is not practical. Texas Papers on Latin America. Higher education is undergoing a complex process of transformation at the international level. This transformation is based especially in the fields of policies and governance of higher education institutions.
In Latin America this trend has been growing since the s, and higher education is undergoing a strong modification in its processes and…. We verified the number of questions addressing this topic that were present over the years, as well as the most recurrent subjects. We discussed the results from what is proposed by the official documents regarding the teaching of Astronomy in the Elementary and Secondary Education and we entertain future expectations about the presence of contents of this science in future official examinations.
The Universe in a Box: El Universo Representado en Una Caja: O Universo Representado em Uma Caixa: This is a report of an activity of introduction to the study of Astronomy developed with a group of future Physics teachers at a Brazilian public university. Such activity had the goal of giving privileged emphasis to notions of spatiality, alternative conceptions of the participants and the process of interaction among peers, and consisted of the representation, in a three dimensional space, of the models of the universe that the participants had. The results, which were categorized as miscellaneous, geocentric, heliocentric and acentric models of the universe, were qualitatively analyzed.
Analyses of the activity in the perspective of the participants are indicated and additional considerations are made regarding its use as a resource for teaching Astronomy and for teacher training. Un ensayo sobre el programa econ6mico del gobierno Argentino desde Politicas Estatales en America Latina: Hacia una estrategia de investigaci6n. E, 49 , E, 60 , As primeiras simulacoes foram forcadas por mares e verificou-se que a interaccao entre MVD e correntes de mare nao e importante para o transporte de larvas na plataforma continental oeste portuguesa.
Desprezando a interaccao entre MVD e as mares o proximo passo foi a construcao e validacao dum modelo realistico forcado por fluxos atmosfera-oceano, capaz de reproduzir as correntes dominantes, geradas pelo vento, na plataforma continental. Na configuracao criada a MVD das larvas foi simulada com quatro cenarios de distribuicao e migracao vertical.
Foram feitas duas simulacoes, uma para o final do Inverno e outra para a Primavera, abrangendo os meses de Fevereiro a Abril e Abril a Junho de Estes periodos foram escolhidos pois exibem diferentes regimes de vento, nao favoravel e favoravel ao afloramento costeiro. Os resultados mostram que as particulas com MVD sofreram maior retencao na plataforma continental interna durante condicoes de afloramento do que em qualquer outra combinacao de cenario de migracao e regime de vento.
Na costa noroeste da Peninsula Iberica, que nao exibe irregularidades topograficas que poderiam criar areas de concentracao e retencao, a MVD pode constituir um mecanismo importante para evitar a dispersao de larvas em direccao ao mar aberto. The Douro estuarine plume: Observaram-se relacoes a uma escala interanual entre a turbidez da pluma e os indices climaticos East Atlantic e NAO, com uma correlacao maxima identificada com 1 e 3 meses de desfasamento, respetivamente.
Com base nos resultados das simulacoes efetuadas, a pluma e classificada como de larga escala e de advecao superficial, apresentando caracteristicas de uma pluma prototipica. Em condicoes de caudal moderado a elevado, a descarga estuarina e suficiente para gerar uma corrente costeira para norte sem acao do vento. Em eventos de ventos leste, a propagacao da pluma e similar ao caso sem vento, com um aumento da velocidade da corrente. Uma corrente costeira para sul e unicamente identificada sob condicoes de forte vento de oeste.
Ventos de norte tendem a estender a pluma para o largo, com uma inclinacao na direcao sudoeste, enquanto ventos de sul intensificam a corrente para norte, sendo a mistura das plumas do Douro e do Minho uma consequencia possivel. A analise desta interacao apontou a contribuicao do Douro como importante na estabilizacao da WIBP e nas trocas de agua entre o oceano e as Rias Baixas. A interacao da pluma do Douro com estuarios localizados a sul da sua foz e a confirmacao in situ da recirculacao observada nos resultados numericos afiguram-se como temas relevantes para investigacoes futuras.
Los oficiales encargados de la politica comercial de cada pais requieren informacion clara y precisa sobre el recurso del carbon mineral, particularmente sobre sus propiedades y caracteristicas, para tomar decisiones bien fundamentadas con respecto al mejor uso de los recursos naturales, necesidades de importacion y oportunidades de exportacion, objetivos de politica interna y externa, oportunidades de transferencia tecnologica, posibilidades de inversion externa, estudios ambientales y de salud, y asuntos relacionados con el uso de productos secundarios y su disposicion.
The National Security of Mexico for Constitucion Politica de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, art 89 fracc. X Camara de Diputados del H. Congreso de la Union Mexico: Convert Action Quarterly, No. A Diagnostic Assessment for the Teaching of Astronomy. The efficiency of the chemical separation and the purity of the two radioisotopes is controlled by gamma spectroscopy and bidetermination of the half lives.
502 Bad Gateway
The Meanings of Astronomical Observation: An Analysis on the Basis of Relationship with Knowledge. This article presents results of a research which aimed to understand the meanings that people construct for astronomical observation. The subjects, students and school teachers, initially received some instruction on how to view astronomical objects through the telescope.
After the observation was realized, they were interviewed. The data analysis allowed the creation of 12 categories, later interpreted on the basis of relationship with knowledge relation to the world, with himself and with others , as presented by Bernard Charlot. Learning about the Sky from the Environment: Os incendios florestais sao uma importante fonte de emissao de compostos gasosos e de aerossois.
Em Portugal, onde a maioria dos incendios ocorre no norte e centro do pais, os incendios destroem todos os anos milhares de hectares, com importantes perdas em termos economicos, de vidas humanas e qualidade ambiental. As emissoes podem alterar consideravelmente a quimica da atmosfera, degradar a qualidade do ar e alterar o clima. Tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, existe um interesse crescente na elaboracao de inventarios de emissoes e de regulamentos sobre as emissoes de carbono para a atmosfera.
Do ponto de vista atmosferico da monitorizacao atmosferica, os incendios sao considerados um desafio, dada a sua variabilidade temporal e espacial, sendo de esperar um aumento da sua frequencia, dimensao e severidade, e tambem porque as estimativas de emissoes dependem das carateristicas dos biocombustiveis e da fase de combustao. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar e caraterizar as emissoes de gases e aerossois de alguns dos mais representativos incendios florestais que ocorreram no centro de Portugal nos veroes de e de Efetuou-se a colheita de amostras de gases e de duas fracoes de particulas PM2.
Os hidrocarbonetos totais THC e oxidos de carbono CO e CO2 nas amostras gasosas foram analisados em instrumentos automaticos de ionizacao de chama e detetores nao dispersivos de infravermelhos, respetivamente. Para algumas amostras, foram tambem quantificados alguns compostos de carbonilo apos reamostragem do gas dos sacos Tedlar em cartuchos de silica gel revestidos com 2,4-dinitrofenilhidrazina DNPH , seguida de analise por cromatografia liquida de alta resolucao.
Nas particulas, analisou-se o. Documento de Trabajo de la Fundacion Ford, No. The Hispanic population's growing impact on American society has caused the Ford Foundation to explore new Foundation initiatives. The census revealed The Hispanic population in the United States is growing and is characterized by diversity; rapid growth…. As melhoras, depois de normalizadas, do desempenho dos estudantes nos dois quesitos foram pequenas, 0. Sociedad Politica en la Republica Argentina.
New ephemeris and the absolute parameters—masses, radii and luminosities—of the contact systems VW LMi and BX Dra have been obtained, by means of the analysis of the minima data available in the literature for the determination of the ephemeris and combining the previously published spectroscopic information and the results of the Wilson-Devinney method using photometric data for the determination of the absolute parameters.
Masses of the VW LMi contact system primary and secondary components are 1. The corresponding radii are 1. For the BX Dra contact system the masses are 2. In both cases, the estimated luminosities seem to be slightly greater that the values derived from the Hipparcos distances. Congenital heart defects are common in infants and adults, affecting quality of life if not corrected. Unlike open surgery, percutaneous intervention allows correction with a high success rate and speedy recovery.
In Mexico, there are not enough studies to describe their efficacy and safety. A cohort study was conducted in the Hospital "Manuel Avila Camacho", in Puebla, Mexico, including patients with congenital heart defects repaired by percutaneous intervention, recording data from clinical records. The following were documented: SPSS was used, using descriptive and inferential statistics. The patients' congenital heart defects treated were ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, and aortic coarctation, with ductus arteriosus being recorded as the most frequent congenital heart defect.
Anatomical corrections of congenital defects were successful in VZ Psc is a W-type contact binary system with a short period of 0. B, V, Rc and Ic light curves of the eclipsing binary system were obtained by using the 1. By collecting times of minimum light, we studied the orbital period change of VZ Psc. A sinusoidal variation was discovered in the O - C diagram, and the amplitude of 0. This can be caused by Applegate mechanism or light-time effect. Both the mechanisms are suited according to our investigation, but we prefer the latter that the light-time effect due to the presence of a third body results in the cyclic variation.
By using the W-D program, we analyzed the four color light curves. Because of the asymmetric light curves and the possible third body, we used the spot mode of W-D program with and without L3. We found that a hot spot on the primary component with the third light leads to the best result.
A very high filling factor of This study presents the absolute parameters of the contact binary system V And. The instrumental magnitudes of all observed stars were converted into standard magnitudes. New BV light curves of the system were analysed using the Wilson-Devinney method supplemented with a Monte Carlo type algorithm. Since there are large asymmetries between maxima i. Combining the solutions of our light curves and Rucinski et al.